RHEL/Alma Linux/Rocky Linux/CentOS/Debian/Ubuntu Linux FreeBSD 服务器教程 | Windows Server 2003/2008/2012/2016/2019/2022服务器教程

说明：

操作系统：CentOS 6.x

IP地址：192.168.21.188

实现目的：同步CentOS镜像站点的内容到此服务器，并且通过配置http服务器，能够向外提供yum服务

准备篇：

一、安装http服务器

这里使用Nginx服务器提供http服务

关于Nginx服务器搭建，参考：CentOS安装配置LNMP服务器（Nginx+PHP+MySQL）

http://www.osyunwei.com/archives/5910.html

二、系统约定

Nginx站点根目录:/usr/local/nginx/html

服务器执行脚本文件存放目录:/home/crontab

三、开始Nginx目录浏览功能

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #编辑配置文件，在http {下面添加以下内容：

autoindex on; #开启nginx目录浏览功能

autoindex_exact_size off; #文件大小从KB开始显示

autoindex_localtime on; #显示文件修改时间为服务器本地时间

:wq! #保存，退出

service nginx reload #重新加载配置

参考：Nginx开启目录浏览功能

http://www.osyunwei.com/archives/5051.html

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安装篇：

一、创建镜像文件存放目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/centos #CentOS官方标准源

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/repoforge #第三方rpmforge源

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/epel #第三方epel源

说明：这里创建三个文件夹，分别存放CentOS官方标准源、第三方的rpmforge源和epel源

二、确定以上三个yum源上游源的同步镜像地址

1、CentOS官方标准源：rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/

2、rpmforge源：rsync://mirrors.ispros.com.bd/repoforge/

3、epel源：rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/

备注：上游yum源必须要支持rsync协议，否则不能使用rsync进行同步。

参考：

CentOS官方标准源：

rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/centos

rpmforge源：

http://apt.sw.be/

rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag

epel源：

http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/publiclist/EPEL/

rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel

三、创建以上三个yum源同步脚本，并且设定脚本自动执行

mkdir -p /home/crontab #创建目录

vi /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #添加以下代码

#!/bin/sh

/usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/ --exclude-from=/usr/local/nginx/html/exclude_centos.list /usr/local/nginx/html/centos/

/usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://mirrors.ispros.com.bd/repoforge/ --exclude-from=/usr/local/nginx/html/exclude_repoforge.list /usr/local/nginx/html/repoforge/

/usr/bin/rsync -avrt rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/ --exclude-from=/usr/local/nginx/html/exclude_epel.list /usr/local/nginx/html/epel/

:wq! #保存退出

chmod +x /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #添加脚本执行权限

备注：运行此脚本前，先要创建好同步目录及不需要同步的目录列表文件

cd /usr/local/nginx/html/   #进入目录

touch exclude_centos.list   #创建文件

touch exclude_repoforge.list   #创建文件

touch exclude_epel.list   #创建文件

把不需要同步的目录写到上面对应的文件中，每行一个目录

例如：

vi exclude_epel.list

4/

4AS/

4ES/

4WS/

:wq! #保存退出

四、添加脚本定时执行任务

vi /etc/crontab  #在最后一行添加以下代码

0 1 * * * root /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh #设置每天凌晨1点整开始执行脚本

:wq! #保存退出

service crond restart #重启

测试篇：

一、安装rsync同步软件

yum install rsync xinetd #安装

vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsync #编辑配置文件，设置开机启动rsync

disable = no #修改为

/etc/init.d/xinetd start #启动（CentOS中是以xinetd 来管理Rsync服务的）

:wq! #保存退出

二、执行同步脚本

sh /home/crontab/yum_rsync.sh

注意：等待脚本执行完毕，首次同步，耗费的时间比较长！

三、根据不同版本创建三个yum源的repo配置文件

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ #进入目录

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo-bak

1、CentOS官方标准源：

CentOS 5.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#packages used/produced in the build but not released

[addons]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

CentOS 6.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

CentOS 7.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Base

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

或者参考：https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/centos

把里面的http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/替换为http://192.168.21.188/

2、rpmforge源：

CentOS 5.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码

[rpmforge]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/rpmforge

enabled = 1

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-extras]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/extras

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-testing]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/testing

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

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CentOS 6.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码

[rpmforge]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/rpmforge

enabled = 1

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-extras]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/extras

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-testing]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/testing

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

CentOS 7.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码

[rpmforge]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el7/en/$basearch/rpmforge

enabled = 1

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-extras]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el7/en/$basearch/extras

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-testing]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el7/en/$basearch/testing

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

3、epel源：

CentOS 5.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码

[epel]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/5/$basearch

failovermethod=priority

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-5

[epel-debuginfo]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Debug

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/5/$basearch/debug

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-5

gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Source

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/5/SRPMS

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-5

gpgcheck=1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

CentOS 6.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码

[epel]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/6/$basearch

failovermethod=priority

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

[epel-debuginfo]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Debug

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/6/$basearch/debug

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Source

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/6/SRPMS

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

gpgcheck=1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

CentOS 7.x系列：

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo #添加以下代码

[epel]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/beta/7/$basearch

failovermethod=priority

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-debuginfo]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/beta/7/$basearch/debug

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/beta/7/SRPMS

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

gpgcheck=1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

四、测试yum源是否配置正确

1、当前系统版本为CentOS 6.x，以此为例

cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

vi CentOS-Base.repo #添加以下代码

# CentOS-Base.repo

#

# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the

# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and

# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates

# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.

#

# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the

# remarked out baseurl= line instead.

#

#

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - huanqiu.com

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

vi rpmforge.repo #添加以下代码

[rpmforge]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/rpmforge

enabled = 1

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-extras]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - extras

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/extras

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

[rpmforge-testing]

name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - testing

baseurl = http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/testing

enabled = 0

protect = 0

gpgkey=http://192.168.21.188/repoforge/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge

gpgcheck = 1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

vi epel.repo #添加以下代码

[epel]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/6/$basearch

failovermethod=priority

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

[epel-debuginfo]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Debug

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/6/$basearch/debug

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch - Source

baseurl=http://192.168.21.188/epel/6/SRPMS

failovermethod=priority

enabled=0

gpgkey =http://192.168.21.188/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

gpgcheck=1

:wq! #保存退出

#########################

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yum clean all #清除当前yum缓存

yum makecache #缓存yum源中的软件包信息

yum repolist #列出yum源中可用的软件包

2、使用yum命令安装软件

yum install php #测试CentOS官方标准源

yum install htop #测试rpmforge源

yum install nginx #测试epel源

至此，搭建CentOS在线yum源镜像服务器完成！